Sheep have been an integral part of human civilization for thousands of years. In many cultures, sheep have been associated with peace, purity, and loyalty. In this article with Impeccable Nest, we will explore the most beautiful names that mean sheep, their origins, meanings, and popularity.
Common Sheep-Related Names
There are a few names that directly reference sheep in various languages:
Rachel
The name Rachel is derived from the Hebrew word “rāḥēl” which means ewe or female sheep. This name has been used for centuries and holds a special significance in many cultures.
In the Bible, Rachel is the name of one of the matriarchs of the Jewish people. She was the beloved wife of Jacob and mother to Joseph and Benjamin. Her story is one of love, sacrifice, and resilience, making her a revered figure in Judaism.
Apart from its biblical roots, the name Rachel has also gained popularity in English-speaking countries as a first name for girls. It has been consistently ranked among the top 100 names for girls in the United States since the 1970s.
One possible reason for the enduring popularity of the name Rachel could be its soft and gentle sound. The name has a soothing quality to it, reminiscent of the gentle nature of sheep. This may have contributed to its appeal as a name for baby girls.
Moreover, the symbolism associated with sheep adds to the allure of the name Rachel. In many cultures, sheep are seen as symbols of innocence, purity, and gentleness. They are also known for their nurturing and protective instincts, which could be seen as desirable traits for a child.
In addition to its positive connotations, the name Rachel also has a strong historical and cultural significance. It has been used by prominent figures throughout history, including writers, actors, and politicians. This adds a sense of depth and richness to the name, making it a meaningful choice for parents.
Baran
The name Baran is a Persian name that has multiple meanings and associations. One of the most common meanings of this name is “rain.” This association comes from the fact that in many cultures, rain is seen as a blessing and a source of life. In Persian culture, rain is also associated with fertility and abundance, making it a highly valued natural phenomenon.
However, there is another interesting association that comes with the name Baran – sheep. This connection may seem unusual at first, but it actually has a deep-rooted cultural significance. In many parts of the world, including Iran and Azerbaijan, sheep are an important part of the local economy and culture. They are often used for their wool, milk, and meat, making them a valuable resource for the community.
In these cultures, the arrival of spring rains is crucial for the survival of the sheep. The rain ensures that there will be enough grass for the sheep to graze on, which in turn provides them with the necessary nutrition to thrive. As such, the name Baran is often associated with sheep because it symbolizes the importance of rain for the well-being of these animals.
Moreover, the name Baran is commonly used for boys in countries like Iran and Azerbaijan. This further solidifies the connection between the name and sheep, as it is believed to bring good luck and prosperity to the child. It is also worth noting that in some cultures, sheep are seen as symbols of innocence, purity, and gentleness, making the name Baran a desirable choice for parents who want to bestow these qualities upon their child.
Ovis
The name Ovis is derived from the Latin word for sheep, and is the scientific genus name for sheep. While it is not commonly used as a personal name, it could make for an unusual and unique choice for parents looking for a Latin-inspired name.
One of the main reasons why Ovis may not be commonly used as a personal name is because it is primarily associated with the animal itself. In many cultures, naming children after animals is not a common practice, as it may be seen as degrading or unflattering. However, in some cultures, such as Native American or Celtic cultures, naming children after animals is considered a way to honor and connect with nature.
For those who are drawn to Latin names, Ovis can be a great option. The Latin language has a rich history and is often associated with sophistication, intelligence, and elegance. Using a Latin name like Ovis can add a touch of uniqueness and elegance to a child’s name.
Furthermore, Ovis can also be a gender-neutral name, making it suitable for both boys and girls. This can be appealing to parents who are looking for a name that is not traditionally associated with a specific gender.
In terms of pronunciation, Ovis is fairly straightforward and easy to pronounce. It is pronounced as “oh-vis” with the emphasis on the first syllable. This makes it a user-friendly name that is easy to say and spell, which can be important for a child as they grow up and learn to write their own name.
While Ovis may not be a common personal name, it does have a strong connection to the animal kingdom. Sheep are known for their gentle and calm nature, and are often seen as symbols of peace and tranquility. This can make Ovis a meaningful and symbolic name choice for parents who value these qualities and want to instill them in their child.
Vernon
The name Vernon is derived from the French words “verne” meaning alder and “ton” meaning farm. This suggests that the name may have originated from a place where sheep were kept, as alder trees were often used for fencing in medieval times.
The name became popular in England during the Middle Ages due to its association with the town of Vernon in Normandy, France. This town was known for its wool production and it is possible that the name was given to people who worked with sheep or lived near sheep farms.
In addition, the name Vernon has also been linked to the Latin word “vernus” which means spring-like or youthful. This could be a reference to the season when lambs are born, further reinforcing the connection to sheep.
It is also worth noting that sheep have long been an important part of human history and culture. They have been domesticated for thousands of years and have played a significant role in agriculture, providing meat, milk, and wool. In many cultures, sheep are seen as symbols of fertility, abundance, and peace.
Therefore, the name Vernon may have been given to children as a way to honor this animal and its significance in society. It could also be seen as a symbol of prosperity and abundance, as sheep were often associated with wealth and success in farming.
Cameron
The name Cameron has a rich history and meaning that is deeply rooted in Scottish Gaelic culture. It is a name that has been passed down through generations, and its origins can be traced back to the ancient Celtic language.
One of the most commonly accepted meanings of the name Cameron is “crooked nose.” This meaning comes from the Scottish Gaelic word cam, which means “crooked” or “bent,” and sròn, which means “nose.” This interpretation is often used to describe someone with a distinctive or unique nose shape, similar to that of a sheep’s nose.
In addition to this, the name Cameron is also connected to the Celtic word cambrae, which means “sheep farm.” This connection further solidifies the association between the name and sheep. In ancient times, sheep farming was a common occupation in Scotland, and it is likely that the name Cameron was given to those who were involved in this trade.
Furthermore, the name Cameron has also been linked to the Scottish clan of the same name. The Camerons were a powerful clan in the Scottish Highlands, known for their fierce loyalty and bravery. They were also known for their expertise in sheep farming, making the connection between the name and sheep even stronger.
Collin
The name Collin has a rich history and meaning that is deeply rooted in Gaelic culture. It is derived from the Gaelic word “cailean” which means “whelp” or “cub”. This term was often used to refer to young sheep, making it a fitting name for someone who is seen as youthful or energetic.
In addition to its literal meaning, the name Collin also has connections to sheep farming in Gaelic culture. The word “cailean” can also be translated as “sheep farming”, further solidifying the association between this name and the animal.
Sheep have played a significant role in Gaelic culture for centuries. They were not only a source of food and clothing, but they were also highly valued for their wool and milk. As such, sheep farming was an important occupation and way of life for many people in Gaelic communities.
Given the importance of sheep in Gaelic culture, it is no surprise that names related to these animals hold special significance. The name Collin, with its ties to both young sheep and sheep farming, is a prime example of this.
Furthermore, the name Collin has a strong and masculine sound, making it a popular choice for parents looking for a traditional yet unique name for their son. It is also a versatile name that can be spelled in different ways, such as Colin or Kollin, while still retaining its Gaelic roots.
Aries
The name Aries is derived from the Latin word “aries” which means “ram.” It is a unisex name, meaning it can be used for both males and females. In astrology, Aries is the first sign of the zodiac and is represented by a ram. This makes it a fitting name for those born between March 21st and April 19th, as these are the dates that fall under the Aries zodiac sign.
In mythology, the ram is often associated with courage, leadership, and independence. These traits are also reflected in the personality of individuals with the name Aries. They are known to be confident, assertive, and natural-born leaders. They have a strong sense of self and are not afraid to take charge and make decisions.
One of the most famous people with the name Aries is American actress and comedian Aries Spears. He is best known for his work on the sketch comedy show “MADtv” and has also appeared in numerous films and TV shows. His quick wit and comedic timing reflect the bold and confident nature of the name Aries.
Another notable person with this name is Aries Marquis, an American musician and producer. He is known for his unique blend of hip-hop, RB, and electronic music. Like the ram, Aries Marquis is not afraid to take risks and push boundaries in his music, making him a true representation of the Aries name.
In addition to its association with the zodiac sign and mythology, the name Aries also has a strong cultural significance. In many cultures, the ram is seen as a symbol of strength, power, and fertility. As such, the name Aries can also be interpreted as a symbol of these qualities.
Dolly
The name Dolly has a rich history and meaning that is closely tied to sheep. It is a name that has gained popularity over the years, especially after the birth of the first cloned mammal, a sheep named Dolly. This name has a sweet and endearing quality to it, making it a popular choice for parents looking for a cute and lovable name for their child.
The origin of the name Dolly can be traced back to the Old English word “dol,” which means “dear” or “beloved.” This word eventually evolved into “dolly,” which was used as a term of endearment for a young girl or a pet. In the 16th century, the name Dolly was commonly used in England as a nickname for Dorothy, another name that means “gift of God.”
In addition to its meaning of “beloved,” the name Dolly also has a strong association with sheep. This is due to the fact that Dolly was the name given to the first mammal to be successfully cloned from an adult cell. The sheep, born on July 5, 1996, at the Roslin Institute in Scotland, was named after the country singer Dolly Parton, whose large bust and blonde hair were seen as fitting for the first cloned animal.
The birth of Dolly the sheep sparked a worldwide debate about the ethics of cloning and raised questions about the boundaries of science and technology. Despite the controversy surrounding her creation, Dolly became a household name and brought attention to the field of genetics and biotechnology.
Aside from its connection to the famous cloned sheep, the name Dolly also has a long history of use in literature and pop culture. In Charles Dickens’ novel “Barnaby Rudge,” one of the main characters is a talking raven named Grip, who often refers to his owner, Dolly Varden, as “Dolly.” The name has also been used in several songs, including “Hello Dolly” by Louis Armstrong and “Dolly Dagger” by Jimi Hendrix.
In recent years, the name Dolly has gained popularity as a given name for girls. It has a charming and playful quality that makes it stand out from more traditional names. Some parents may also choose this name as a nod to the famous sheep or as a way to honor their love for animals.
Eula
The name Eula has a rich history and meaning that is deeply connected to the gentle and peaceful nature of sheep. It is a female name that originated from Greek and has been used in various forms throughout history.
One of the earliest known uses of the name Eula was in ancient Greece, where it was derived from the Greek word “eulogia,” which means “sweetly speaking.” This meaning perfectly captures the soft and gentle nature of sheep, who are known for their quiet and soothing bleats.
In addition to its Greek origins, the name Eula also has roots in Latin. In Latin, the word “eulalia” means “well-spoken,” further emphasizing the idea of sweetness and gentleness associated with this name.
Throughout history, the name Eula has been used in various forms and variations. In literature, it has been used as a character name, most notably in William Faulkner’s novel “The Sound and the Fury,” where Eula Varner is a strong and independent woman. The name has also been used in music, with American singer-songwriter Eula Cooper being a notable example.
Despite its rarity, the name Eula has gained popularity in recent years. In 2019, it was ranked as the 3,037th most popular name for girls in the United States. This increase in popularity can be attributed to its beautiful meaning and connection to the gentle and peaceful nature of sheep.
Fenton
The name Fenton is a unique and intriguing name that has both English and Welsh origins. It is a male name that holds significant meaning, especially for those who have a connection to the countryside or farming.
In English, Fenton is derived from two words – “fen” which means marshland or boggy area, and “tun” which means farm or town. Therefore, the literal meaning of Fenton is “marshland farm” or “fen town.” This name was most likely given to individuals who lived near or owned a farm in a marshy area.
On the other hand, in Welsh, Fenton has a different meaning. It is believed to be derived from the Welsh word “ffynnon” which means sheepfold or enclosure for sheep. This makes sense as Wales is known for its sheep farming industry, and it is not uncommon for names to be associated with one’s occupation or environment.
The popularity of the name Fenton can also be attributed to a beloved animated character, Fenton Crackshell, from the popular DuckTales franchise. Fenton Crackshell, also known as Gizmoduck, is a lovable character who is a genius inventor and superhero. He is known for his bravery, intelligence, and loyalty, making him a role model for many children and adults alike.
Gwylim
The name Gwylim is a beautiful and unique name that has a special meaning in both Welsh culture and mythology. It is derived from the Welsh word “gwyllt” which means “wild” or “woodland,” and “helygen” which means “willow tree.” This combination of words gives the name a strong connection to nature and the outdoors.
In Welsh mythology, Gwilym is a name given to a brave and heroic sheep who leads his flock to safety during a great flood. This story showcases the strength and resilience of this animal, making it a fitting name for a child who may possess similar qualities.
The use of animal names as human names is not uncommon in many cultures, and it often symbolizes certain characteristics or traits that are associated with that particular animal. In the case of Gwylim, the sheep represents intelligence, leadership, and protection. These are all admirable qualities that any parent would want their child to possess.
Moreover, the name Gwylim has gained popularity in recent years, especially among parents who are looking for a unique and meaningful name for their child. With its strong connection to Welsh culture and mythology, this name is perfect for families who have Welsh roots or simply appreciate the beauty and history of the Welsh language.
In addition to its cultural and mythological significance, Gwylim also has a pleasant and melodic sound. Its soft and gentle pronunciation makes it a lovely name for a child, and it can easily be shortened to nicknames such as Gwil or Will.
Merino
The name Merino is a unique and uncommon name that holds a special meaning. It is of Spanish origin and its literal translation means “sheep.” This name has a strong connection to the animal kingdom, specifically to the breed of domestic sheep known as the Merino sheep.
The Merino sheep is highly prized for its wool, which is considered to be one of the finest and softest in the world. This breed originated in Spain and was later introduced to other parts of the world, including Australia, where it became a major source of wool production.
Choosing the name Merino for a child can hold different meanings for different people. For some, it may represent their love for nature and animals, while for others it may symbolize strength and resilience. The Merino sheep is known for its adaptability and ability to thrive in different environments, making it a symbol of endurance and perseverance.
In addition to its connection to the animal kingdom, the name Merino also has a rich cultural history. In Spanish culture, sheep are often associated with abundance, prosperity, and fertility. Therefore, the name Merino can also be seen as a representation of these positive qualities.
One of the reasons why the name Merino is not commonly used is because it is considered to be a unisex name. This means that it can be used for both boys and girls. In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards gender-neutral names, and Merino fits perfectly into this category. It is a strong and powerful name that can be embraced by anyone regardless of their gender.
For parents who are looking for a unique and unconventional name for their child, Merino can be a great option. It is a name that is not commonly heard, yet it holds a deep and meaningful significance. It can also be a great conversation starter, as people may be curious about the origins and meaning of the name.
Tupsa
The name Tupsa is a unique and meaningful name that has its roots in Finnish culture. In Finland, it is common for children to be given names that are related to nature and animals, and Tupsa is a perfect example of this tradition. The name Tupsa holds a special significance as it means “a strong ram” in the Finnish language.
In Finnish mythology, rams are often seen as symbols of strength, power, and determination. They are known for their resilience and ability to overcome challenges, making them a fitting representation of the name Tupsa. This name carries a strong and powerful meaning, making it an ideal choice for parents who want to give their child a name that exudes strength and courage.
Furthermore, the name Tupsa has a charming and melodic sound to it, making it appealing to the ear. It is also easy to pronounce and spell, which adds to its overall appeal. This makes it a great option for parents who want a name that is both unique and easy to remember.
In addition to its cultural significance and pleasant sound, the name Tupsa also has a beautiful origin story. It is believed that this name originated from the Finnish word “tuppi,” which means “sheath.” This word refers to the protective covering of a sword or knife, symbolizing the strength and protection associated with the name Tupsa.
Moreover, the name Tupsa can also be seen as a unisex name, suitable for both boys and girls. This adds to its versatility and makes it a popular choice among parents who prefer gender-neutral names for their children.
Wren
The name Wren has a long and interesting history, with multiple meanings and origins. In its most basic form, Wren is a unisex name of English origin, meaning “small bird.” This meaning is derived from the Old English word “wrenna,” which referred to a small, brown songbird known for its beautiful singing voice.
However, the name Wren also has a deeper meaning that is associated with sheep. In Old English, “wrenna” was also used to refer to a type of rune or symbol that was often associated with sheep. Runes were an ancient form of writing used by Germanic peoples, and they were often carved onto objects such as stones or bones. The rune associated with sheep was believed to bring good luck and prosperity to those who possessed it.
This connection between Wren and sheep may seem obscure, but it actually has a significant cultural significance. In many cultures, sheep are seen as symbols of fertility, abundance, and prosperity. They are also closely associated with the idea of community and working together for the common good. Therefore, the use of Wren as a name can be seen as a nod to these positive qualities and values.
In addition to its historical and cultural significance, Wren has gained popularity as a name in recent years due to its association with popular culture. One notable example is the character Wren Kingston from the hit TV series Pretty Little Liars. Wren Kingston is a charming and intelligent doctor who becomes entangled in the mysterious events surrounding the main characters. His name not only adds to his charm and likability, but also adds a subtle layer of symbolism to his character.
Names with Symbolic Sheep Connections
Some names have indirect but strong symbolic ties to qualities associated with sheep:
Agnes
Agnes is a popular name that has been used for centuries and has a rich history behind it. It is derived from the Greek word “hagnos” which means pure or holy. This meaning is reflected in the character of Saint Agnes, who was known for her purity and devotion to God.
In addition to its Greek origins, the name Agnes also has strong religious connotations. In Christianity, Agnes is associated with the symbol of the lamb, specifically the Lamb of God, which is a title given to Jesus Christ. This connection can be seen in the Latin phrase “Agnus Dei” which translates to “Lamb of God”. This phrase is often used in Catholic liturgy and is a powerful symbol of sacrifice and redemption.
The use of Agnes as a name that means sheep can also be traced back to biblical references. In the Bible, sheep are often used as a metaphor for followers of God, and Jesus is referred to as the Good Shepherd who cares for his flock. This further reinforces the idea of purity and holiness associated with the name Agnes.
Aside from its religious significance, Agnes is also a popular name due to its simplicity and elegance. It has been used by various cultures and has different variations such as Agneta, Agnete, and Aneska. In some countries, Agnes is also associated with fertility and abundance, making it a desirable name for parents looking for a meaningful and auspicious name for their child.
Jeremiah
The name Jeremiah is derived from the Hebrew name Yirmeyahu, which means “Yahweh has uplifted” or “appointed by God.” In the Bible, Jeremiah was a prophet who lived during the late 7th and early 6th centuries BC. He is often depicted as a weeping lamb in art, symbolizing his sorrow for the sins of his people and his role as a messenger of God.
The image of a lamb is significant in the story of Jeremiah because it represents gentleness, innocence, and vulnerability. These qualities are also reflected in the character of Jeremiah himself. Despite facing persecution and rejection from his own people, he remained faithful to his calling and continued to deliver God’s message with compassion and humility.
Furthermore, the symbolism of a lamb in relation to Jeremiah can also be seen in his role as a foreshadowing of Jesus Christ. In the New Testament, Jesus is referred to as the “Lamb of God” who takes away the sins of the world. Like Jeremiah, Jesus was also a messenger of God who faced rejection and suffering but remained steadfast in his mission to bring salvation to humanity.
In addition to its biblical significance, the name Jeremiah also holds cultural and historical significance. It has been a popular name throughout history, with notable figures such as the 7th century BC king of Judah and the 19th century American artist Jeremiah Theus bearing this name.
Willa
The name Willa is a beautiful and unique name that holds a special meaning. It is derived from the word “willful”, which means having strong determination or stubbornness. This name has a strong connection to sheep, as it hints at their willful nature.
Sheep are known for being independent and strong-willed animals. They have a natural instinct to follow their own path and make their own decisions. This trait is reflected in the name Willa, making it a perfect fit for someone who possesses these qualities.
Moreover, the name Willa also has a connection to the natural environment where sheep thrive – meadows and pastures. These open fields of grass and flowers are where sheep graze and roam freely. The name Willa echoes this peaceful and serene setting, evoking a sense of tranquility and harmony.
In addition to its connection to sheep, the name Willa also has a rich history and cultural significance. It is a feminine name that has been used for centuries, with variations in different languages such as Wilhelmina, Wilma, and Guilla. In Germanic cultures, Willa was associated with the goddess of fertility and abundance, making it a symbol of prosperity and growth.
Cute Sheep Names from Mythology
Figures from ancient myths lend their names to some darling ovine-inspired options:
Amalthea
The name Amalthea is derived from Greek mythology and is associated with the image of a nanny goat. According to the myth, Amalthea was a goat who nursed Zeus as a baby while he was in hiding from his father, Cronus. She was known for her nurturing and protective nature towards Zeus, and her milk was said to have magical powers.
In terms of etymology, the name Amalthea comes from the Greek words “amaltheia” which means “tender goddess” or “tender-hearted”. This could make for an eccentric girl’s name, as it carries a strong meaning of nurturing and caring. It also has a soothing quality to it, which could be reflected in the personality of someone named Amalthea.
The name Amalthea is closely associated with sheep and goats, as these animals were often depicted as symbols of fertility, abundance, and nourishment in ancient Greek culture. In fact, the word “amaltheia” can also refer to a type of goat’s horn that was used as a symbol of plenty and prosperity.
In addition to its connection to Greek mythology, the name Amalthea also has a rich history in literature and art. It has been used in various works of fiction, such as the novel “The Last Unicorn” by Peter S. Beagle, where Amalthea is the name of the main character who takes on the form of a unicorn. It has also been featured in paintings and sculptures, often depicting Amalthea as a gentle and nurturing figure.
Silvia
The name Silvia is derived from the Latin name Silvanus, which was the name of a Roman god associated with forests and shepherds. As such, it carries a strong connection to nature and the outdoors, making it a fitting name for those who work with sheep.
In addition to its connection to the Roman god, the name Silvia also has a lovely natural imagery that is befitting of sheep herders. The name brings to mind images of lush green pastures, rolling hills, and peaceful meadows where sheep graze and frolic. This imagery is not only beautiful, but it also reflects the close relationship between sheep and their caretakers.
Furthermore, the name Silvia has a soft and gentle sound, which adds to its appeal as a name for sheep. Sheep are known for their docile and gentle nature, and the name Silvia captures this essence perfectly. It conveys a sense of calmness and tranquility, which is often associated with the pastoral lifestyle of sheep herding.
Moreover, the name Silvia has a timeless quality to it. It has been used for centuries and has stood the test of time, remaining a popular choice for parents looking for a meaningful and beautiful name for their child. This longevity is a testament to the enduring charm and appeal of the name Silvia.
Velouria
Velouria is a unique and intriguing name that has gained popularity in recent years. It was created by the iconic indie musician Kurt Cobain, who used it as the title of a song for his band, Nirvana. The name has a beautiful and delicate sound to it, making it a popular choice for parents looking for a unique and meaningful name for their child.
The name Velouria is thought to have been inspired by two different sources – the Roma goddess of the wilderness and Lou the lamb. The first part of the name, “velour”, is derived from the Latin word “velum” which means “veil” or “covering”. This could be seen as a reference to the goddess’ role as a protector of nature and all its creatures. The second part of the name, “ria”, is a suffix commonly used in female names, meaning “river” or “stream”. This could symbolize the goddess’ connection to water and the flow of life.
In addition to its possible connection to the Roma goddess, Velouria is also believed to be a combination of the words “velvet” and “lou”. Velvet is a soft and luxurious fabric often associated with royalty and elegance. This could represent the goddess’ regal and powerful nature. Lou, on the other hand, is a diminutive form of the name Louis, which means “famous warrior”. This could be a nod to the goddess’ strength and bravery in protecting the wilderness and its inhabitants.
The second source of inspiration for the name Velouria is Lou the lamb. This could be a reference to the gentle and innocent nature of sheep, often depicted as symbols of purity and peace. In some cultures, sheep are also seen as symbols of sacrifice and redemption. This could add a deeper layer of meaning to the name, representing the goddess’ role in maintaining balance and harmony in the natural world.
Conclusion
Names that mean sheep are perfect for parents who want something unique and meaningful. From Aries to Wren, there are several beautiful names that capture the gentle nature and symbolism of sheep. So, go ahead and choose the perfect name for your little one!
I am Patricia Mann, an experienced professional in the art of naming children. With a wealth of knowledge in the field of baby names, I aim to assist parents in choosing a meaningful and beautiful name for their little ones. My expertise lies in the Name Meaning section, where I delve deep into the origins and significance of names, providing valuable insights that I hope will be beneficial for parents.
Understanding the profound impact a name can have on a child’s life, I strive to offer comprehensive guidance. The Name Meaning section is not just a repository of information but a resource where parents can discover the rich tapestry of meanings associated with different names. It is my belief that a child’s name is more than just a label; it encapsulates the desires, hopes, and love of the parents.
In this journey of baby naming, my goal is to make the process enjoyable and meaningful for parents, ensuring that the chosen name resonates with the family’s values and cultural background. I invite you to explore the Name Meaning of Impeccable Nest section as we embark on the delightful and important task of naming the newest members of your family.
